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  Yahoo!奇摩字典文法標註表


文法標註
解 釋
[A]
指該形容詞須直接置於所修飾的字詞之後。

例：
  • (正) the president {elect}
  • (誤) the elect president
  • (誤) The president is elec
[B]
指該形容詞只能置於所修飾的字詞之前。

例：
  • (正) the {front} garden
  • (誤) The garden is front.
[C]
可數名詞。
可以用a/an/one修飾, 亦可加-(e)s構成複數, 用few/many等修飾。

例：
  • {a/one} cat
  • {a} desire
  • {an} apple t
  • hree book{s}
  • few factori{es}
  • many idea{s}
[E]
通常不加the的名詞。

例： WhitehallSanta Claus
[F]
指該形容詞只用作或主要用作述語(predicative), 置於連繫動詞之後。

例：
  • (正) John is {drunk}.
  • (誤) John is a drunk man.
[G]
指後接單、複數動詞均可的名詞, 如集合名詞。

例：
  • The Government {has} already made it clear.
  • The Government {are} facing three crises.
    註： 集合名詞單數形後接動詞, 美式英語多用單數, 英式英語則單、複數皆可。
[H]
指該動詞常用被動語態。

例： Please be seated.
[J]
指只與單數動詞或單數代名詞連用的名詞(其形態可以是單數亦可是複數)。

例：
  • Our clothing {protects} us from the cold.
  • Physics {is} an interesting subject and I like {it} very much.
[K]
指只與複數動詞或複數代名詞連用的名詞(其形態可以是複數亦可單數)。

例：
  • What {are} his wages? {These} jeans {are} pretty.
  • All his cattle {were} grazing in the field.
[L]
連繫動詞(linking verb)。 這類動詞與後接的述語(predicative)一起表述主語的特徵或狀態。 述語可以是形容詞、名詞、副詞, 或介詞片語等。
  1. 連繫動詞＋形容詞
    例： These apples taste nice.
  2. 連繫動詞＋名詞
    例： The hall would make a good theater.
  3. 連繫動詞＋副詞
    例： What's on tonight?
  4. 連繫動詞＋介詞片語
    例： She looks like her sister.
  5. 連繫動詞＋不定式
    例： He appears to be sincere.
  6. 連繫動詞＋動名詞
    例： The difficulty is not knowing what to do.
  7. 連繫動詞＋子句
    例： The biggest problem was that we didn't have enough funds.
[M]
單複數同形。

例：
  • This {sheep} looks small.
  • All those {sheep} are ours.
[O]
指該及物動詞在受詞後尚須接副詞或介詞片語。

例：
  • (正) The porter set the suitcase {down}. (誤) The porter set the suitcase. (正) She set the child {in the chair}.
  • (誤) She set the child.
[P]
指該詞只用複數形。

例：The proportion of students in {arts} is high.
[Q]
指該不及物動詞必須後接副詞或介詞片語。

例：
  • (正) Phil behaved {rather oddly}. (誤) Phil behaved. (正) The mob behaved {like animals}.
  • (誤) The mob behaved.
[R]
指該形容詞可與the一起構成名詞。

例：
  • {The poor} are getting poorer and poorer.
  • {The deceased} left almost nothing to his wife.
[S]
指該詞只用單數形,通常與不定冠詞連用。

例： Pride comes before {a fall}.
[U]
不可數名詞。
通常不與a/an/one連用, 無複數, 後接單數動詞, 用little/much等修飾。

例：
  • {little} water
  • {a lot of} salt
  • {some} furniture
  • Air {is} a mixture of gases.
[W]

指該動詞通常不用進行式。

例：
  • (正) He knows how to swim.
  • (誤) He is knowing how to swim.
[Y]
指該動詞的受詞不可以是一個名詞或代名詞,但可以是子句或其他片語。

例： Then, she added that she would call him again.
[Z]
指該形容詞無比較級和最高級。

例：
  • (正) a {dead} man
  • (誤) a deader man(誤) the deadest man
[O1]
指： 動詞＋間接受詞＋直接受詞

例： He gave me the book.
[O2]
指： 動詞＋受詞＋有to的不定式

例： I asked him to help her.
[O3]
指： 動詞＋受詞＋無to的不定式

例： We heard them talk in the next room.
[O4]
指： 動詞＋受詞＋v-ing

例： I saw him walking across the street.
[O5]
指： 動詞＋受詞＋that子句

例： He told me that the problem had been solved.
[O6]
指： 動詞＋受詞＋wh-子句

例： They asked her why she was absent.
[O7]
指： 動詞＋受詞＋過去分詞

例： I'll have my car repaired.
[O8]
指： 動詞＋受詞＋形容詞

例： He considered her suitable for the job.
[O9]
指： 動詞＋受詞＋名詞

例： I considered it a great honor.
[P1]
指該詞常用複數形。

例：meat and {vegetables}
[S1]
指該詞常用單數形。

例：They put him in a very difficult {position}.
[the S]
指該詞只用單數形,通常與定冠詞連用。
[the P]
指該詞只用複數形,須與the連用。

例：{The authorities} in Russia have refused to compromise.
[+v-ing]
指該動詞可以後接v-ing。

例： Don tried to avoid answering her questions.
[(+prep./ad.)]
指該詞常後接由某介詞引導的片語或某副詞,圓括號表示也可不接。用於及物動詞時,表示在受詞後可接該介詞引導的片語或副詞,但也可不接。
  1. 動詞
    例：We are talking (about the plan).
    I love wandering (about).
    Will you add some wood (to the fire)?
    We saw him off at the station.
  2. 名詞
    例： They had a long talk (with them).
  3. 形容詞
    例： She seemed tired (of his preaching).
[+to-v]
指該詞可後接to-v。
  1. 動詞
    例： Mary wants to see you.
  2. 名詞
    例： The little girl has the ability to read and write.
  3. 形容詞
    例： I was glad to hear it.
[+that]
指該詞可後接that子句。
[+(that)]
指該詞可後接that子句, 圓括號表示that可省略。
  1. 動詞
    例： I think (that) he is wrong.
  2. 名詞
    例： The reason (that) she didn't get the job was that her French was not good enough.
  3. 形容詞例： I am afraid (that) Tony won't come.
[+wh-]
指該詞可後接what, why, when, where, who, whether, how等引導的子句或片語。
  1. 動詞例： I wonder what really happened.I don't know how to swim.
  2. 名詞例：You have no idea how worried I was.I had no idea what to say to him.
  3. 形容詞例：I am not sure where she lives.We wonder whether to go or not.
[+if-]
指該詞可後接if引導的子句。

例： Do you mind if I smoke?

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